"Your enemy is not the refugee. Your enemy is the one who made him a refugee"- Tariq Ramadan
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European campaigns to ban burqas, the Swiss vote to bar new construction of minarets and attempted terrorist acts in the United States have renewed questions and concerns about the compatibility of Islam with Western society. Swiss-born scholar and philosopher of Islam Tariq Ramadan has written and spoken on the subject, generating widespread debate and reaction.
The U.S. State Department recently overturned his six-year ban from the country, allowing him to visit and speak in the U.S. How have his experiences influenced his views on the reform of radical Islam and the bridging of cultural differences? What can Western Muslims do to balance faith and modernity? And what lies ahead for the future of Islam in Europe, the U.S. and the rest of the world? Ramadan addressed these questions and related topics at a press luncheon hosted by the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life.
If you look at the books, there is a series on issues in Muslim-majority countries. For example, the title for today’s discussion, “Islam, the West and the Challenges of Modernity,” is in fact the title of a book, where I’m trying to deal with Islamic issues and principles and objectives in Muslim-majority countries. I have a series of books on this, so it’s really about what is going on in the Middle East, in Asia, about the contemporary challenges for Muslim-majority countries.
The other series of books is really about Western Muslims. I started by writing a book at the beginning of the ’90s about Muslims in secular societies and then, To be a European Muslim and then, Western Muslims and the Future of Islam.
Radical Reform: Islamic Ethics and Liberation is a book from within the Islamic tradition. It’s to go from what I think are the limits of dealing with fiqh issues, which is Islamic law and jurisprudence, to the fundamentals. And this is across the board. It’s for Muslims living in Muslim-majority countries, as well as Muslims living in the West. These are common challenges, and what I am trying to propose here is a radical reform in the way we deal with the scriptures – rethinking the classical way of reading the scriptural sources and also addressing the contemporary challenges of promoting and applying Islamic ethics for our time.
The vast majority of Muslims in the EU have a high sense of trust in democratic institutions despite experiencing widespread discrimination and harassment, a major survey by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) shows. The survey captures the experiences of Muslim immigrants and their EU-born children, revealing that public attitudes have changed all too little over the last decade.
The vast majority of Muslims in the EU have a high sense of trust in democratic institutions despite experiencing widespread discrimination and harassment, a major survey by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) shows. The survey captures the experiences of Muslim immigrants and their EU-born children, revealing that public attitudes have changed all too little over the last decade.
“Our survey results make a mockery of the claim that Muslims aren’t integrated into our societies. On the contrary, we see a trust in democratic institutions that is higher than much of the general population,” says FRA Director Michael O’Flaherty. “However, every incident of discrimination and hate crime hampers their inclusion and reduces their chances of finding employment. We risk alienating individuals and their communities, with potentially perilous consequences.”
"I am encouraged by the confidence of Europe's Muslim communities in our public institutions and rule of law, despite the individual challenges of discrimination which they attest to,” says European Commission First Vice-President Frans Timmermans. “But I am disheartened by the EU Fundamental Rights Agency's report which shows that over the past five years almost one in three Muslims feel that they have been discriminated against when looking for work, but that only 12% of Muslims have reported the latest cases of discrimination. I want to assure our Muslim citizens that the European Commission will not tolerate intolerance. It goes against our values and our laws."
European Commissioner for Justice, Consumers and Gender Equality Věra Jourová says: "The Fundamental Rights Agency report shows that discrimination against Muslims is too widespread. I'm especially concerned about the challenges faced by Muslim women in Europe. It is now our duty both at European, national and local level to make sure that anti-discrimination measures are respected and that the Muslim community can trust the police".
The Second European Union Minorities and Discrimination Survey (EU-MIDIS II): Muslims – selected findings is the second large scale survey of Muslims carried out by the Fundamental Rights Agency. As well as markers of integration such as a sense of belonging and trust in public institutions, the survey asked about experiences of discrimination, harassment, police stops, and rights awareness.
Key findings include:
- 76% of Muslim respondents feel strongly attached to the country they live in;
- 31% of those seeking work felt discriminated against over the last five years;
- 42% of respondents who had been stopped by the police over the last year said this happened because of the migrant or ethnic minority background.
The report suggests a number of solutions, including:
- Effective sanctions for violations of anti-discrimination legislation;
- Reinforcement of trust in the police through targeted outreach activities;
- Greater efforts to increase the participation of Muslims in decision-making processes.
For further information please see the press pack or contact: media@fra.europa.eu /
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